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King of Kings
(1927)
Directed by Cecil B. DeMille
Scenario by Jeanie MacPherson
H. B. Warner (Jesus), Dorothy Cumming (Mary), Ernest Torrence (Peter), Joseph Schildkraut (Judas)
The New York office had been trying to
tone down their Hollywood partner's flair for Griffithian spectacle, to stick
with contemporary settings which, in the Roaring 20s seemed
spectacular enough. But in the years after Intolerance, Cecil B. De Mille's films kept
flashing back from the Jazz Age to ancient Babylon, Rome, Egypt, the Exodus,
even caveman days. Rationalized as a "warning" of where unchecked decadence
would lead, DeMille's method was really an excuse to indulge in it. After
all, this is the director who invented the obligatory bathtub or bedroom
scene to get his actresses out of their clothes. This winning combination of
stern moralizing and spectacular excess led to DeMille's 1927 King of
Kings, in which he finally abandoned the Modern world for good, and
promised to treat his subject with all due respect a promise he made
good on enough to make this the most-seen Gospel film for a entire
generation at least.
In typical DeMille style, the film opens with the beautiful courtesan Mary of
Magdala, feasting with friends in her opulent palace, enjoying lavish
entertainments. She drives off in her zebra-drawn carriage in search of her
friend Judas, who has become entranced by a certain carpenter of Nazareth.
Our first glimpse of Jesus doesn't come until after several scenes into the
film, and it's also the first sight of a little blind boy who has just been
healed. It's a powerful introduction, though our first impression might be
that Jesus is a little older than we expected. Nevertheless, H. B. Warner
exudes a worn compassion. At Mary Magdalene's first sight of him, she falls
apart, ashamed: and seven demons come flying out in classic De Mille special
effect fashion. There are other De Mille touches, and not just special
effects, some working better than others. Hebrew words dissolve into English
translations of the sins of the bystanders as Jesus writes on the ground. A
group of children bring a broken doll to Jesus to be "healed." And in the
Crucifixion sequence, all heaven breaks loose, with storms and earthquakes
(in a sequence filmed in two-color Technicolor strip) that climaxes in a
Resurrection and Ascension that threatens to sink back down under the weight
of its own effect-laden presentation.
What is really striking about De Mille's approach in this film are some
daring some might say unscriptural, others masterful
rearrangements and compressions of the material. To a large degree, the
story is arranged thematically rather than following precisely the
conventional chronology. Christ clears the temple (creating a terrific
stampede of lambs and cattle), provoking a Triumphal Procession not
His entry into Jerusalem, but the entry of cheering throngs of people into
the temple, bearing palm branches, acclaiming him king. As they do, Satan
appears from behind a column to tempt Him with temporal power. But Jesus
tells the crowd his kingdom is not of this world, sending a disappointed
Judas straight to the Pharisees to make his fateful deal. Any changes in the
material seemed to have provoked less complaints than the controversy over
the film's treatment of Jews. The film was banned in some cities when Jewish
organizations charged that it cast Jews as Christ-killers; Demille insisted
that he only depicted a few corrupt leaders among the religious authorities,
but his depiction of the High Priest in stereotypical fashion seems to weaken
his argument.
Cecil B. De Mille was famous for disparaging the notion of Hollywood "extra":
that is, he threatened to dismiss any actor or supervisor who was caught not
putting heart and soul into their job. Thus, his background crowds are far
from anonymous, always seething with life, individuality, and rooted in the
setting. And so this King of Kings (unlike the 1961 film of the same title) presents a surprisingly
fresh and lively Gospel, one used by ministers and missionaries much like the
later "Jesus film," as a tool for evangelism,
onscreen in churches and darkest jungles for many years to come.
Mike Hertenstein
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